{"id":32,"date":"2020-03-10T21:29:36","date_gmt":"2020-03-10T21:29:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-introductoryspanish1\/?post_type=chapter&#038;p=32"},"modified":"2024-04-26T21:45:36","modified_gmt":"2024-04-26T21:45:36","slug":"gramatica-formal-o-informal","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-spanish1-2\/chapter\/gramatica-formal-o-informal\/","title":{"raw":"Gram\u00e1tica: \u00bfFormal o informal?","rendered":"Gram\u00e1tica: \u00bfFormal o informal?"},"content":{"raw":"<div class=\"textbox learning-objectives\">\r\n<h3>Objetivos<\/h3>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Identify formal and informal greetings<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>\r\nWhat differences do you notice between these two dialogues?\r\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\" border=\"1\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%; vertical-align: top;\"><img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1514 size-thumbnail\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4475\/2019\/05\/26174155\/accomplished-adults-business-deal-1124065-150x150.jpg\" alt=\"two people shaking hands.\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" \/>\r\n<p lang=\"es\" style=\"text-align: left;\">\u2014 Buenos d\u00edas, se\u00f1orita.\r\n\u2014 Buenos d\u00edas, se\u00f1or.\r\n\u2014 \u00bfC\u00f3mo se llama usted?\r\n\u2014 Me llamo Ver\u00f3nica,\u00a0\u00bfy usted?\r\n\u2014 Soy el profesor Gonz\u00e1lez-Aboah.\r\n\u2014 Encantado de conocerle.\r\n\u2014 El gusto es m\u00edo.\r\n\u2014 \u00bfC\u00f3mo est\u00e1 usted?\r\n\u2014 Bien, gracias,\u00a0\u00bfy usted?\r\n\u2014 Muy bien, gracias.\r\n\u2014 Adi\u00f3s, Ver\u00f3nica.\r\n\u2014 Hasta luego, profesor.<\/p>\r\n[audio mp3=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4475\/2019\/05\/05194239\/dialogue11.mp3\"][\/audio]<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%; vertical-align: top;\"><img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1515 size-thumbnail\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4475\/2019\/05\/26174738\/7137988339_3722fc8c43_b-150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Three people talking.\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" \/>\r\n<p lang=\"es\">\u2014 \u00a1Hola!\r\n\u2014 \u00a1Hola!\r\n\u2014 \u00bfC\u00f3mo te llamas?\r\n\u2014 Me llamo Esteban,\u00a0\u00bfy t\u00fa?\r\n\u2014 Soy Rebeca.\r\n\u2014 Encantado.\r\n\u2014 Un placer.\r\n\u2014 \u00bfQu\u00e9 tal?\r\n\u2014 Bien, gracias,\u00a0\u00bfy t\u00fa?\r\n\u2014 Muy bien.\r\n\u2014 \u00a1Chao!\r\n\u2014 \u00a1Hasta luego!<\/p>\r\n[audio mp3=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4475\/2019\/05\/05183509\/dialogue2.mp3\"][\/audio]<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\nAs you can see from the above examples, some of the differences between formal and informal conversations are clearly defined, such as the use of the pronoun\u00a0<em lang=\"es\">usted<\/em> instead of <em lang=\"es\">t\u00fa<\/em>, while others are more subtle or contextual. In the exercises on the next page, we'll work on the more explicit differences between formal and informal Spanish.\r\n\r\n[embed width=\"400\"]https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/4LbQ_MAioxU[\/embed]\r\n\r\nAlejandro Octavio Aguilera\r\nM\u00e9xico, Monterrey, N.L.\r\n\r\nSr. Aguilera explains:\r\n\r\n<span lang=\"es\">S\u00ed es muy importante esto del \"usted\" y el \"t\u00fa.\" En primer lugar <span lang=\"en\">(<em>first<\/em>)<\/span> el \"usted\" es una forma de hablar con respeto. Se le dirige de \"usted\" a <span lang=\"en\">(<em>the \"usted\" is addressed to<\/em>)<\/span> una persona mayor <span lang=\"en\">(<em>older, more senior<\/em>)<\/span>. Yo a veces <span lang=\"en\">(<em>sometimes<\/em>)<\/span> por ejemplo a mi padre <span lang=\"en\">(<em>to my father<\/em>)<\/span> le digo de \"usted\". Al rector <span lang=\"en\">(<em>director \/ Provost<\/em>)<\/span> de la universidad yo no me imagino habl\u00e1ndole de \"t\u00fa\" <span lang=\"en\">(<em>I can't imagine speaking to him with \"t\u00fa\"<\/em>)<\/span>...<\/span>\r\n\r\n[reveal-answer q=\"807532\"]Read the full transcript[\/reveal-answer]\r\n[hidden-answer a=\"807532\"]<span lang=\"es\">S\u00ed es muy importante esto del \"usted\" y el \"t\u00fa.\" En primer lugar el \"usted\" es una forma de hablar con respeto. Se le dirige de \"usted\" a una persona mayor. Yo a veces por ejemplo a mi padre le digo de \"usted.\" Al rector de la universidad yo no me imagino habl\u00e1ndole de \"t\u00fa,\" a\u00fan cuando \u00e9l me diga por cortes\u00eda \"h\u00e1blame de t\u00fa,\" no me sentir\u00eda a gusto habl\u00e1ndole de \"t\u00fa.\" Yo tendr\u00eda que hablarle de \"usted\" porque es una persona mayor, de unos 50, 55 a\u00f1os, \u00bfno? Al inicio de una relaci\u00f3n, si uno se encuentra con personas de su edad, posiblemente sea mejor hablar de \"t\u00fa\" pero cuando se encuentra uno con una persona de mayor de edad es muy importante dirigirse de \"usted\". Esto no quiere decir otra cosa m\u00e1s que establecer una relaci\u00f3n de respeto mutuo.<\/span>[\/hidden-answer]","rendered":"<div class=\"textbox learning-objectives\">\n<h3>Objetivos<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Identify formal and informal greetings<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<p>What differences do you notice between these two dialogues?<\/p>\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 50%; vertical-align: top;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1514 size-thumbnail\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4475\/2019\/05\/26174155\/accomplished-adults-business-deal-1124065-150x150.jpg\" alt=\"two people shaking hands.\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" \/><\/p>\n<p lang=\"es\" style=\"text-align: left;\">\u2014 Buenos d\u00edas, se\u00f1orita.<br \/>\n\u2014 Buenos d\u00edas, se\u00f1or.<br \/>\n\u2014 \u00bfC\u00f3mo se llama usted?<br \/>\n\u2014 Me llamo Ver\u00f3nica,\u00a0\u00bfy usted?<br \/>\n\u2014 Soy el profesor Gonz\u00e1lez-Aboah.<br \/>\n\u2014 Encantado de conocerle.<br \/>\n\u2014 El gusto es m\u00edo.<br \/>\n\u2014 \u00bfC\u00f3mo est\u00e1 usted?<br \/>\n\u2014 Bien, gracias,\u00a0\u00bfy usted?<br \/>\n\u2014 Muy bien, gracias.<br \/>\n\u2014 Adi\u00f3s, Ver\u00f3nica.<br \/>\n\u2014 Hasta luego, profesor.<\/p>\n<p><!--[if lt IE 9]><script>document.createElement('audio');<\/script><![endif]--><br \/>\n<audio class=\"wp-audio-shortcode\" id=\"audio-32-1\" preload=\"none\" style=\"width: 100%;\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"audio\/mpeg\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4475\/2019\/05\/05194239\/dialogue11.mp3?_=1\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4475\/2019\/05\/05194239\/dialogue11.mp3\">https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4475\/2019\/05\/05194239\/dialogue11.mp3<\/a><\/audio><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%; vertical-align: top;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1515 size-thumbnail\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4475\/2019\/05\/26174738\/7137988339_3722fc8c43_b-150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Three people talking.\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" \/><\/p>\n<p lang=\"es\">\u2014 \u00a1Hola!<br \/>\n\u2014 \u00a1Hola!<br \/>\n\u2014 \u00bfC\u00f3mo te llamas?<br \/>\n\u2014 Me llamo Esteban,\u00a0\u00bfy t\u00fa?<br \/>\n\u2014 Soy Rebeca.<br \/>\n\u2014 Encantado.<br \/>\n\u2014 Un placer.<br \/>\n\u2014 \u00bfQu\u00e9 tal?<br \/>\n\u2014 Bien, gracias,\u00a0\u00bfy t\u00fa?<br \/>\n\u2014 Muy bien.<br \/>\n\u2014 \u00a1Chao!<br \/>\n\u2014 \u00a1Hasta luego!<\/p>\n<p><audio class=\"wp-audio-shortcode\" id=\"audio-32-2\" preload=\"none\" style=\"width: 100%;\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"audio\/mpeg\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4475\/2019\/05\/05183509\/dialogue2.mp3?_=2\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4475\/2019\/05\/05183509\/dialogue2.mp3\">https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4475\/2019\/05\/05183509\/dialogue2.mp3<\/a><\/audio><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>As you can see from the above examples, some of the differences between formal and informal conversations are clearly defined, such as the use of the pronoun\u00a0<em lang=\"es\">usted<\/em> instead of <em lang=\"es\">t\u00fa<\/em>, while others are more subtle or contextual. In the exercises on the next page, we&#8217;ll work on the more explicit differences between formal and informal Spanish.<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" id=\"oembed-1\" title=\"Formal \u201cUsted\u201d vs. Informal \u201cT\u00fa\u201d; Spanish; A. Aguilera\" width=\"500\" height=\"375\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/4LbQ_MAioxU?feature=oembed&#38;rel=0\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>Alejandro Octavio Aguilera<br \/>\nM\u00e9xico, Monterrey, N.L.<\/p>\n<p>Sr. Aguilera explains:<\/p>\n<p><span lang=\"es\">S\u00ed es muy importante esto del &#8220;usted&#8221; y el &#8220;t\u00fa.&#8221; En primer lugar <span lang=\"en\">(<em>first<\/em>)<\/span> el &#8220;usted&#8221; es una forma de hablar con respeto. Se le dirige de &#8220;usted&#8221; a <span lang=\"en\">(<em>the &#8220;usted&#8221; is addressed to<\/em>)<\/span> una persona mayor <span lang=\"en\">(<em>older, more senior<\/em>)<\/span>. Yo a veces <span lang=\"en\">(<em>sometimes<\/em>)<\/span> por ejemplo a mi padre <span lang=\"en\">(<em>to my father<\/em>)<\/span> le digo de &#8220;usted&#8221;. Al rector <span lang=\"en\">(<em>director \/ Provost<\/em>)<\/span> de la universidad yo no me imagino habl\u00e1ndole de &#8220;t\u00fa&#8221; <span lang=\"en\">(<em>I can&#8217;t imagine speaking to him with &#8220;t\u00fa&#8221;<\/em>)<\/span>&#8230;<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"qa-wrapper\" style=\"display: block\"><span class=\"show-answer collapsed\" style=\"cursor: pointer\" data-target=\"q807532\">Read the full transcript<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"q807532\" class=\"hidden-answer\" style=\"display: none\"><span lang=\"es\">S\u00ed es muy importante esto del &#8220;usted&#8221; y el &#8220;t\u00fa.&#8221; En primer lugar el &#8220;usted&#8221; es una forma de hablar con respeto. Se le dirige de &#8220;usted&#8221; a una persona mayor. Yo a veces por ejemplo a mi padre le digo de &#8220;usted.&#8221; Al rector de la universidad yo no me imagino habl\u00e1ndole de &#8220;t\u00fa,&#8221; a\u00fan cuando \u00e9l me diga por cortes\u00eda &#8220;h\u00e1blame de t\u00fa,&#8221; no me sentir\u00eda a gusto habl\u00e1ndole de &#8220;t\u00fa.&#8221; Yo tendr\u00eda que hablarle de &#8220;usted&#8221; porque es una persona mayor, de unos 50, 55 a\u00f1os, \u00bfno? Al inicio de una relaci\u00f3n, si uno se encuentra con personas de su edad, posiblemente sea mejor hablar de &#8220;t\u00fa&#8221; pero cuando se encuentra uno con una persona de mayor de edad es muy importante dirigirse de &#8220;usted&#8221;. Esto no quiere decir otra cosa m\u00e1s que establecer una relaci\u00f3n de respeto mutuo.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t <section class=\"citations-section\" role=\"contentinfo\">\n\t\t\t <h3>Candela Citations<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t <div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <div id=\"citation-list-32\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t <div class=\"licensing\"><div class=\"license-attribution-dropdown-subheading\">CC licensed content, Shared previously<\/div><ul class=\"citation-list\"><li>A. Aguilera (Monterrey, Mexico) discusses Formal and Informal Language. <strong>Authored by<\/strong>: Orlando R. Kelm. <strong>Provided by<\/strong>: Center for Global Business, Texas McCombs. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.laits.utexas.edu\/laexec\/soc01.html#\">http:\/\/www.laits.utexas.edu\/laexec\/soc01.html#<\/a>. <strong>Project<\/strong>: Cultural Interviews with International Business Executives. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em>Other<\/em>. <strong>License Terms<\/strong>: Standard YouTube License<\/li><li>hand shake: formal. <strong>Authored by<\/strong>: rawpixel.com. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.pexels.com\/photo\/woman-wears-beige-suit-hand-shaking-man-wear-suit-1124065\/\">https:\/\/www.pexels.com\/photo\/woman-wears-beige-suit-hand-shaking-man-wear-suit-1124065\/<\/a>. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em>Other<\/em>. <strong>License Terms<\/strong>: https:\/\/www.pexels.com\/photo-license\/<\/li><li>Talking. <strong>Authored by<\/strong>: ismael villafranco. <strong>Provided by<\/strong>: UACM Del Valle. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/flic.kr\/p\/bSL4ft\">https:\/\/flic.kr\/p\/bSL4ft<\/a>. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\">CC BY: Attribution<\/a><\/em><\/li><\/ul><div class=\"license-attribution-dropdown-subheading\">Lumen Learning authored content<\/div><ul class=\"citation-list\"><li>u00bfFormal o informal?. <strong>Authored by<\/strong>: SUNY Oneonta with Lumen Learning. <strong>Provided by<\/strong>: SUNY Oneonta. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\">CC BY: Attribution<\/a><\/em><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t <\/section>","protected":false},"author":161083,"menu_order":6,"template":"","meta":{"_candela_citation":"[{\"type\":\"cc\",\"description\":\"A. Aguilera (Monterrey, Mexico) discusses Formal and Informal Language\",\"author\":\"Orlando R. Kelm\",\"organization\":\"Center for Global Business, Texas McCombs\",\"url\":\"http:\/\/www.laits.utexas.edu\/laexec\/soc01.html#\",\"project\":\"Cultural Interviews with International Business Executives\",\"license\":\"other\",\"license_terms\":\"Standard YouTube License\"},{\"type\":\"cc\",\"description\":\"hand shake: formal\",\"author\":\"rawpixel.com\",\"organization\":\"\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.pexels.com\/photo\/woman-wears-beige-suit-hand-shaking-man-wear-suit-1124065\/\",\"project\":\"\",\"license\":\"other\",\"license_terms\":\"https:\/\/www.pexels.com\/photo-license\/\"},{\"type\":\"cc\",\"description\":\"Talking\",\"author\":\"ismael villafranco\",\"organization\":\"UACM Del Valle\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/flic.kr\/p\/bSL4ft\",\"project\":\"\",\"license\":\"cc-by\",\"license_terms\":\"\"},{\"type\":\"lumen\",\"description\":\"u00bfFormal o informal?\",\"author\":\"SUNY Oneonta with Lumen Learning\",\"organization\":\"SUNY Oneonta\",\"url\":\"\",\"project\":\"\",\"license\":\"cc-by\",\"license_terms\":\"\"}]","CANDELA_OUTCOMES_GUID":"56a02828-2b35-4af6-8682-b1c977341639, 90dd4690-49e3-4415-843a-563049a84fe4","pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-32","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry"],"part":3,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-spanish1-2\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/32","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-spanish1-2\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-spanish1-2\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-spanish1-2\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/161083"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-spanish1-2\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/32\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3400,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-spanish1-2\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/32\/revisions\/3400"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-spanish1-2\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/3"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-spanish1-2\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/32\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-spanish1-2\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=32"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-spanish1-2\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=32"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-spanish1-2\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=32"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-spanish1-2\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=32"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}