Objetivos
Recognize and understand the use of the irregular verbs tener and venir
Verbos tener (tener + que) y venir
The verbs tener (to have) and venir (to come) are special in the sense that they have an irregular yo form and also have a change of e>ie in their stem.
- María tiene una clase de psicología a las dos de la tarde. (María has a psychology class at 2 p.m.)
- ¿Cuántos lápices tienes en tu mochila? (How many pencils do you have in your backpack?)
Tener + noun for physical conditions
There are a number of idiomatic expressions that combine forms of tener with certain nouns to express some physical conditions of people; these are expressed with “to be” in English, so you’ll have to pay close attention to remembering the Spanish way of saying them.
- Tener calor = to be/feel hot (literally, “to have heat”)
- Tener frío = to be/feel cold
- Tener hambre = to be hungry
- Tener miedo = to be afraid
- Tener prisa = to be in a hurry
- Tener sed = to be thirsty
- Tener vergüenza = to be embarrassed
- Tener ganas de = to be in the mood for
Tener años
To give age in Spanish, use the correct conjugation of the verb tener + number + años:
- ¿Cuántos años tienes? (How old are you?)
- Tengo 22 años. (I am 22 years old.)
- Tengo trece años. (I’m 13.)
- ¿Cuántos años tiene él? (How old is he?)
- Tiene ochenta y siete años. (He’s 87.)
- ¿Cuántos años tienen? (How old are they?)
Note: in English you can leave off “years old” and just say “I’m 22,” but in Spanish you must include the word años.
The verb tener doesn’t just mean “to have” in the sense of possession: it is also used when we try to convey something that we have to do, following the structure: tener + que + infinitive.
- Este semestre tengo que estudiar mucho. (This semester I have to study a lot.)
- Esteban tiene que hacer la tarea para su clase de literatura. (Esteban has to do the homework for his literature class.)
- Nosotros tenemos que hablar con nuestra profesora de español. (We have to speak with our Spanish professor.)
Venir
The verb venir means “to come”, and it has the same irregularities as tener when conjugated in the present tense. But it doesn’t have so many idiomatic uses!
- Ellos vienen a la universidad todos los días. (They come to the university every day.)
- ¿A qué hora vienes a la clase de español? (At what time do you come to Spanish class?)
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Candela Citations
- Manifestacion #19j Tenerife. Authored by: Jose Mesa. Located at: https://www.flickr.com/photos/liferfe/5850229679. License: CC BY: Attribution
- We don't have WiFI. Talk among yourselves sign Marzola Parrilla Argentina Steakhouse Exterior, Cartagena Columbia. Authored by: Joe Ross. Located at: https://www.flickr.com/photos/joeross/23791002624. License: CC BY-SA: Attribution-ShareAlike