{"id":1319,"date":"2019-06-17T17:08:45","date_gmt":"2019-06-17T17:08:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-spanish1\/?post_type=chapter&#038;p=1319"},"modified":"2020-04-22T16:01:12","modified_gmt":"2020-04-22T16:01:12","slug":"estar-con-el-presente-progresivo","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-spanish1\/chapter\/estar-con-el-presente-progresivo\/","title":{"raw":"Estar con el presente progresivo","rendered":"Estar con el presente progresivo"},"content":{"raw":"<div class=\"textbox learning-objectives\">\r\n<h3 lang=\"es\">Objetivos<\/h3>\r\nUse the present progressive to talk about actions ongoing in the present moment\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<h3 lang=\"es\">Gram\u00e1tica: \"Estar\" con el presente progresivo<\/h3>\r\nThe present progressive (or continuous) is a compound construction of two verbal forms that cannot be separated by any other word. The progressive may be used in different tenses by changing the conjugation of the verb <em>estar<\/em>\u00a0(past, present or future) and leaving the gerund in its intact form.\u00a0 For now let's focus on the present:\r\n\r\nSubject Pronoun + <span lang=\"es\"><em>estar<\/em><\/span> (conjugated) + gerund\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_5622\" align=\"alignright\" width=\"300\"]<img class=\"wp-image-5622 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4475\/2019\/06\/05224706\/bajando-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"sign pointing down stairs reads: &quot;bajando&quot;\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" \/> bajar = to go down[\/caption]\r\n\r\nWhat's a gerund?\u00a0In English, gerunds all end in\u00a0<i>-ing<\/i>:\u00a0<em>reading<\/em>,\u00a0<em>dancing<\/em>,\u00a0<em>singing<\/em>, etc. (For more on gerunds in English, see the <a href=\"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/styleguide\/chapter\/gerunds\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">entry on gerunds in the Guide to Writing<\/a>.)\r\n\r\nIn Spanish, the ending of the gerund depends on the kind of verb:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>for -ar verbs: drop the \u201cr\u201d and add <span lang=\"es\">-ndo<\/span> --&gt; -ando<\/li>\r\n \t<li>for -er and -ir verbs: drop the <span lang=\"es\">\u201c-er\u201d<\/span> or <span lang=\"es\">\u201c-ir\u201d<\/span> and add <span lang=\"es\">-iendo<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li>Stem-changing -ir verbs (not -ar or -er verbs!) change their stem vowels as follows: o&gt;u, e&gt;i. Note: verbs that change from e&gt;ie and e&gt;i in the present tense both change e&gt;i in the gerund form.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>The gerund of the verb\u00a0<span lang=\"es\"><em>ir<\/em><\/span> is irregular: <span lang=\"es\"><em>yendo.<\/em><\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_5620\" align=\"alignright\" width=\"169\"]<img class=\"size-medium wp-image-5620\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4475\/2019\/06\/05224322\/subiendo1-169x300.jpeg\" alt=\"Sign reads &quot;sigan subiendo&quot;\" width=\"169\" height=\"300\" \/> sigan = keep, continue (imperative of seguir); subir = go up[\/caption]\r\n\r\n<strong><span lang=\"es\">Ejemplos:<\/span><\/strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>-ar verb:\r\n<ul lang=\"es\">\r\n \t<li>Tom<strong>ar<\/strong> -- tom<strong>ando\u00a0<\/strong>(taking)<\/li>\r\n \t<li><span class=\"highlight\">Cant<strong>ar<\/strong> -- cant<\/span><strong>ando\u00a0<\/strong>(singing)<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li>-er verb:\r\n<ul lang=\"es\">\r\n \t<li>Beb<strong>er<\/strong>-- beb<strong>iendo\u00a0<\/strong>(drinking)<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li>-ir verb:\r\n<ul lang=\"es\">\r\n \t<li>Escrib<strong>ir<\/strong>-- escrib<strong>iendo\u00a0<\/strong>(writing)<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li>stem-changing -ir verbs:\r\n<ul lang=\"es\">\r\n \t<li>Dorm<strong>ir<\/strong>-- d<strong>u<\/strong>rm<strong>iendo\u00a0<\/strong>(sleeping)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Prefer<strong>ir-<\/strong>- pref<strong>i<\/strong>r<strong>iendo\u00a0<\/strong>(preferring)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Servir-- s<strong>i<\/strong>rv<strong>iendo\u00a0<\/strong>(serving)<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<table border=\"1\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td><\/td>\r\n<td><strong>singular<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td><strong>plural<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td><strong>1<sup>a<\/sup><\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td>yo estoy escribiendo<\/td>\r\n<td>nosotros estamos escribiendo<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td><strong>2<sup>a<\/sup><\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td>t\u00fa est\u00e1s escribiendo<\/td>\r\n<td>vosotros est\u00e1is escribiendo<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td><strong>3<sup>a<\/sup><\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td>\u00e9l\/ella\/usted est\u00e1 escribiendo<\/td>\r\n<td>ellos\/ellas\/ustedes est\u00e1n escribiendo<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<b>Note:<\/b>\u00a0To form a negative sentence in the present progressive, place the\u00a0<span lang=\"es\"><i>no<\/i><\/span>\u00a0in front of the form of\u00a0<span lang=\"es\"><i>estar<\/i>:\u00a0No estoy escribiendo.<\/span>\r\n\r\nRemember that the\u00a0present progressive is used to express an action in progress.\u00a0 Note the differences in meaning:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><em><span lang=\"es\">Estudio espa\u00f1ol.<\/span><\/em><i>\u00a0<\/i>(an ongoing\u00a0situation over a period of time: you are taking Spanish as part of your studies this semester)<\/li>\r\n \t<li><em><span lang=\"es\">Estoy estudiando espa\u00f1ol.<\/span><\/em>\u00a0(an action in progress right now: you have your book out or a site open and you\u00a0are actively studying a lesson or preparing right now.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<strong>Note also:<\/strong> Although in English, the present progressive tense can refer to events in the future (\"We are going to the movies tonight\"), in Spanish the present progressive always refers to ongoing action. For future actions, Spanish uses the present tense or the future tenses.\r\n<h2>Contribute!<\/h2>\r\n<div style=\"margin-bottom: 8px;\">Did you have an idea for improving this content? We\u2019d love your input.<\/div>\r\n<a style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-weight: 600; color: #077fab; text-decoration: none; border: 2px solid #077fab; border-radius: 7px; padding: 5px 25px; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; line-height: 1.5em;\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.google.com\/document\/d\/1MEKsVd4g3nA7lgJNZgXDmCjmWZmejirVVVZHDhY1R4s\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Improve this page<\/a><a style=\"margin-left: 16px;\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.google.com\/document\/d\/1vy-T6DtTF-BbMfpVEI7VP_R7w2A4anzYZLXR8Pk4Fu4\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Learn More<\/a>","rendered":"<div class=\"textbox learning-objectives\">\n<h3 lang=\"es\">Objetivos<\/h3>\n<p>Use the present progressive to talk about actions ongoing in the present moment<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h3 lang=\"es\">Gram\u00e1tica: &#8220;Estar&#8221; con el presente progresivo<\/h3>\n<p>The present progressive (or continuous) is a compound construction of two verbal forms that cannot be separated by any other word. The progressive may be used in different tenses by changing the conjugation of the verb <em>estar<\/em>\u00a0(past, present or future) and leaving the gerund in its intact form.\u00a0 For now let&#8217;s focus on the present:<\/p>\n<p>Subject Pronoun + <span lang=\"es\"><em>estar<\/em><\/span> (conjugated) + gerund<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_5622\" style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-5622\" class=\"wp-image-5622 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4475\/2019\/06\/05224706\/bajando-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"sign pointing down stairs reads: &quot;bajando&quot;\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" \/><\/p>\n<p id=\"caption-attachment-5622\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">bajar = to go down<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>What&#8217;s a gerund?\u00a0In English, gerunds all end in\u00a0<i>-ing<\/i>:\u00a0<em>reading<\/em>,\u00a0<em>dancing<\/em>,\u00a0<em>singing<\/em>, etc. (For more on gerunds in English, see the <a href=\"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/styleguide\/chapter\/gerunds\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">entry on gerunds in the Guide to Writing<\/a>.)<\/p>\n<p>In Spanish, the ending of the gerund depends on the kind of verb:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>for -ar verbs: drop the \u201cr\u201d and add <span lang=\"es\">-ndo<\/span> &#8211;&gt; -ando<\/li>\n<li>for -er and -ir verbs: drop the <span lang=\"es\">\u201c-er\u201d<\/span> or <span lang=\"es\">\u201c-ir\u201d<\/span> and add <span lang=\"es\">-iendo<\/span><\/li>\n<li>Stem-changing -ir verbs (not -ar or -er verbs!) change their stem vowels as follows: o&gt;u, e&gt;i. Note: verbs that change from e&gt;ie and e&gt;i in the present tense both change e&gt;i in the gerund form.<\/li>\n<li>The gerund of the verb\u00a0<span lang=\"es\"><em>ir<\/em><\/span> is irregular: <span lang=\"es\"><em>yendo.<\/em><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div id=\"attachment_5620\" style=\"width: 179px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-5620\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-5620\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4475\/2019\/06\/05224322\/subiendo1-169x300.jpeg\" alt=\"Sign reads &quot;sigan subiendo&quot;\" width=\"169\" height=\"300\" \/><\/p>\n<p id=\"caption-attachment-5620\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">sigan = keep, continue (imperative of seguir); subir = go up<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p><strong><span lang=\"es\">Ejemplos:<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>-ar verb:\n<ul lang=\"es\">\n<li>Tom<strong>ar<\/strong> &#8212; tom<strong>ando\u00a0<\/strong>(taking)<\/li>\n<li><span class=\"highlight\">Cant<strong>ar<\/strong> &#8212; cant<\/span><strong>ando\u00a0<\/strong>(singing)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>-er verb:\n<ul lang=\"es\">\n<li>Beb<strong>er<\/strong>&#8212; beb<strong>iendo\u00a0<\/strong>(drinking)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>-ir verb:\n<ul lang=\"es\">\n<li>Escrib<strong>ir<\/strong>&#8212; escrib<strong>iendo\u00a0<\/strong>(writing)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>stem-changing -ir verbs:\n<ul lang=\"es\">\n<li>Dorm<strong>ir<\/strong>&#8212; d<strong>u<\/strong>rm<strong>iendo\u00a0<\/strong>(sleeping)<\/li>\n<li>Prefer<strong>ir-<\/strong>&#8211; pref<strong>i<\/strong>r<strong>iendo\u00a0<\/strong>(preferring)<\/li>\n<li>Servir&#8211; s<strong>i<\/strong>rv<strong>iendo\u00a0<\/strong>(serving)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><strong>singular<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>plural<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>1<sup>a<\/sup><\/strong><\/td>\n<td>yo estoy escribiendo<\/td>\n<td>nosotros estamos escribiendo<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>2<sup>a<\/sup><\/strong><\/td>\n<td>t\u00fa est\u00e1s escribiendo<\/td>\n<td>vosotros est\u00e1is escribiendo<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>3<sup>a<\/sup><\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u00e9l\/ella\/usted est\u00e1 escribiendo<\/td>\n<td>ellos\/ellas\/ustedes est\u00e1n escribiendo<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><b>Note:<\/b>\u00a0To form a negative sentence in the present progressive, place the\u00a0<span lang=\"es\"><i>no<\/i><\/span>\u00a0in front of the form of\u00a0<span lang=\"es\"><i>estar<\/i>:\u00a0No estoy escribiendo.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>Remember that the\u00a0present progressive is used to express an action in progress.\u00a0 Note the differences in meaning:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em><span lang=\"es\">Estudio espa\u00f1ol.<\/span><\/em><i>\u00a0<\/i>(an ongoing\u00a0situation over a period of time: you are taking Spanish as part of your studies this semester)<\/li>\n<li><em><span lang=\"es\">Estoy estudiando espa\u00f1ol.<\/span><\/em>\u00a0(an action in progress right now: you have your book out or a site open and you\u00a0are actively studying a lesson or preparing right now.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Note also:<\/strong> Although in English, the present progressive tense can refer to events in the future (&#8220;We are going to the movies tonight&#8221;), in Spanish the present progressive always refers to ongoing action. For future actions, Spanish uses the present tense or the future tenses.<\/p>\n<h2>Contribute!<\/h2>\n<div style=\"margin-bottom: 8px;\">Did you have an idea for improving this content? We\u2019d love your input.<\/div>\n<p><a style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-weight: 600; color: #077fab; text-decoration: none; border: 2px solid #077fab; border-radius: 7px; padding: 5px 25px; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; line-height: 1.5em;\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.google.com\/document\/d\/1MEKsVd4g3nA7lgJNZgXDmCjmWZmejirVVVZHDhY1R4s\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Improve this page<\/a><a style=\"margin-left: 16px;\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.google.com\/document\/d\/1vy-T6DtTF-BbMfpVEI7VP_R7w2A4anzYZLXR8Pk4Fu4\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Learn More<\/a><\/p>\n\n\t\t\t <section class=\"citations-section\" role=\"contentinfo\">\n\t\t\t <h3>Candela Citations<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t <div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <div id=\"citation-list-1319\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t <div class=\"licensing\"><div class=\"license-attribution-dropdown-subheading\">Lumen Learning authored content<\/div><ul class=\"citation-list\"><li>Estar con el presente progresivo. <strong>Authored by<\/strong>: SUNY Oneonta with Lumen Learning. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\">CC BY: Attribution<\/a><\/em><\/li><li>Bajando. <strong>Authored by<\/strong>: Rachel Zaccaro. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\">CC BY: Attribution<\/a><\/em><\/li><li>Sigan subiendo. <strong>Authored by<\/strong>: Rachel Zaccaro. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\">CC BY: Attribution<\/a><\/em><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t <\/section>","protected":false},"author":161083,"menu_order":10,"template":"","meta":{"_candela_citation":"[{\"type\":\"lumen\",\"description\":\"Estar con el presente progresivo\",\"author\":\"SUNY Oneonta with Lumen Learning\",\"organization\":\"\",\"url\":\"\",\"project\":\"\",\"license\":\"cc-by\",\"license_terms\":\"\"},{\"type\":\"lumen\",\"description\":\"Bajando\",\"author\":\"Rachel Zaccaro\",\"organization\":\"\",\"url\":\"\",\"project\":\"\",\"license\":\"cc-by\",\"license_terms\":\"\"},{\"type\":\"lumen\",\"description\":\"Sigan subiendo\",\"author\":\"Rachel Zaccaro\",\"organization\":\"\",\"url\":\"\",\"project\":\"\",\"license\":\"cc-by\",\"license_terms\":\"\"}]","CANDELA_OUTCOMES_GUID":"5765f7bf-e64d-43e8-821e-29943fe342a7, 6adf92f1-75cf-417d-a021-9a3b8c8cbaf3","pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[48],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-1319","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry","chapter-type-numberless"],"part":1299,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-spanish1\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/1319","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-spanish1\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-spanish1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-spanish1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/161083"}],"version-history":[{"count":21,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-spanish1\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/1319\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5726,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-spanish1\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/1319\/revisions\/5726"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-spanish1\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/1299"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-spanish1\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/1319\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-spanish1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1319"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-spanish1\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=1319"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-spanish1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=1319"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-spanish1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=1319"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}