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Vocabulario: Enfermedad y salud
Emfermedad y salud
Las enfermedades comunes y condiciones delicadas de salud del diario vivir
- la gripa o la gripe (flu)
- la tos (cough)
- la fiebre (fever)
- la infección (infection)
- el golpe (The hit)
- la hinchazón (swelling)
- la raspadura (scrape)
- la herida (wound)
- la alergia (allergy)
- el dolor de estómago (stomach pain)
- la cicatriz (scar)
- Algunos verbos usados en el tema de la salud.
- romperse un hueso (break a bone)
- torcerse un músculo/un tendón (strain a muscle/tendon)
- lastimarse (to injure oneself)
- desmayarse (to faint)
- toser (to cough)
- recuperarse (to recuperate)
- doler (o < ue) (to hurt; similar usage as “gustar”, e.g. A José le duelen los pies = José’s feet hurt.)
Condiciones físicas y psicológicas de cuidado
- estar embarazada (be pregnant)
- tener síntomas de… (have symptoms of…)
- tener un dolor de muela (to have a toothache)
- estar mareado/a (to be dizzy)
En el consultorio médico y las emergencias en el hospital
- el ataque al corazón (heart attack)
- la silla de ruedas (wheelchair)
- la receta médica (prescription)
- la vacuna (vaccine)
- el antibiótico (antibiotic)
- la pastilla (pills)
- el grado de temperatura (degree of temperature)
- el cirujano/ la cirujana (surgeon)
- el especialista (specialist)
- el enfermero / la enfermera (nurse)
Otras palabras
- la sangre (blood)
- el seguro de salud (health insurance)
Verbos reflexivos con emociones
| Forma reflexiva | Forma no reflexiva |
| aburrirse (to get bored) | aburrir (to bore someone) |
| alegrarse (to become happy) | alegrar (to make someone happy) |
| asustarse (to get scared) | asustar (to frighten someone) |
| calmarse (to calm oneself down) | calmar (to calm someone down) |
| cansarse (to get tired) | cansar (to tire someone out) |
| casarse con (to get married) | casar (to perform a marriage for someone) |
| divertirse (to have a good time) | divertir (to entertain someone) |
| enojarse (to get angry) | enojar (to make someone angry) |
| frustrarse (to get frustrated) | frustrar (to frustrate someone) |
| sorprenderse (to get surprised) | sorprender (to surprise someone) |
| sentirse (e>ie) (to feel, have a feeling) | sentir (to feel something) |
List of Common Reciprocal Verbs
- Abrazarse (to hug each other)
- Ayudarse (to help each other)
- Besarse (to kiss each other)
- Casarse (to marry each other)
- Conocerse (to know each other)
- Despedirse (to say goodbye to each other)
- Divorciarse (to divorce each other)
- Mirarse (to look at each other)
- Pelearse (to fight with each other)
- Reunirse (to get together)
- Turnarse (to take turns)
Por y para / Pronombres preposicionales
Por
- Duration of time (for)
- e.g. Llamamos una ambulancia y solo esperamos por cinco minutos cuando llega. (We call an ambulance and only wait for five minutes before it comes.)
- Exchange (for, in place of, in exchange for)
- e.g. Ella tiene alergia a la penicilina, entonces la cambiamos por vancomycin. (She’s allergic to penicillin, so we exchanged it for vancomycin.)
- e.g. Por $50 más, puedes ver Netflix en tu habitación del hospital. (For $50 more, you can watch Netflix in your hospital room.)
- Motivation (for, for the sake of)
- e.g. Camino en vez de manejar un coche, por mi salud y por el medioambiente. (I walk instead of driving a car, for the sake of my health and the environment.)
- Mode of travel or communication (by, through)
- e.g. La mujer embarazada llega al hospital por taxi, no por ambulancia. (The pregnant woman comes to the hospital by taxi, not ambulance.)
- e.g. La mujer entra por la puerta de urgencias y va por ese pasillo directamente a la sala de partos. (The woman enters through the emergency room door, and goes along that hallway directly to the maternity ward.)
Para
- Deadlines (by, for)
- e.g. Voy a llamar la farmacia y van a tener tus pastillas para las tres de la tarde. (I’ll call the pharmacy, and they will have your pills by three p.m.)
- Recipient, beneficiary (for)
- e.g. La receta es para mi madre, que tiene hipertensión. (The prescription is for my mom, who has high blood pressure.)
- Purpose, goal (in order to, to)
- e.g. Para tener buena salud, necesitas comer bien y hacer ejercicio regularmente. (To have good health, you need to eat well and exercise regularly.)
- Destination of travel (for, to)
- e.g. La ambulancia sale para la escena del accidente un minuto después de la llamada a 911. (The ambulance leaves for the scene of the accident one minute after the call to 911.)
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