{"id":4954,"date":"2020-02-08T18:20:57","date_gmt":"2020-02-08T18:20:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-spanish2\/chapter\/preterito-e-imperfecto-iii\/"},"modified":"2024-04-26T15:40:07","modified_gmt":"2024-04-26T15:40:07","slug":"preterito-e-imperfecto-iii","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-spanish2\/chapter\/preterito-e-imperfecto-iii\/","title":{"raw":"Pret\u00e9rito e imperfecto III","rendered":"Pret\u00e9rito e imperfecto III"},"content":{"raw":"<div class=\"textbox learning-objectives\">\r\n<h3>Objetivos<\/h3>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Distinguish the use of the imperfect for describing ongoing conditions and the preterit for the onset of conditions.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>\r\nIn the beginning of this unit you learned that the imperfect is used for past actions in progress and the preterit is used for past completed actions. The same distinction can be applied to emotions, mental states and similar conditions:\r\n<ol>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\">Verbs that describe a mental or physical state are called non-action verbs. These change meaning when you use them in the preterit or imperfect. For example, the verb <strong><span class=\"translation\" title=\"\"><a href=\"https:\/\/course-building.s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/Spanish\/in-text_audio\/U17\/estar.mp3\" target=\"audio\"><img style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4100\/2019\/03\/22171914\/play.png\" alt=\"Play Audio\" width=\"40\" height=\"40\" border=\"0\" \/><\/a><\/span>estar<\/strong> in the preterit means \u201cbecame\u201d or \u201cgot\u201d, whereas in the imperfect it means \u201cwas\u201d.\r\nExamples:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span class=\"translation\" title=\"\"><a href=\"https:\/\/course-building.s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/Spanish\/in-text_audio\/U22\/mama_estuvo_enojada_cuando_le_dimos_una_fiesta_sorpresa.mp3\" target=\"audio\"><img style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4100\/2019\/03\/22171914\/play.png\" alt=\"Play Audio\" width=\"40\" height=\"40\" border=\"0\" \/><\/a><\/span>Mam\u00e1 estuvo enojada cuando le dimos una fiesta sorpresa. (<em>Mom got angry when we gave her a surprise party.<\/em>)<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span class=\"translation\" title=\"\"><a href=\"https:\/\/course-building.s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/Spanish\/in-text_audio\/U22\/realmente_estaba_contenta_con_una_tarde_tranquila_en_casa_por_sus_cumpleanos.mp3\" target=\"audio\"><img style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4100\/2019\/03\/22171914\/play.png\" alt=\"Play Audio\" width=\"40\" height=\"40\" border=\"0\" \/><\/a><\/span>Realmente estaba contenta con una tarde tranquila en casa por sus cumplea\u00f1os. (<em>Really she was happy with a quiet afternoon at home for her birthday.<\/em>)<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\">The stem-changing verb <strong>sentirse<\/strong> means \u201cto feel\u201d, and you can use the imperfect to describe an ongoing feeling, or the preterit to describe the onset or a completed feeling.\r\nExamples:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span class=\"translation\" title=\"\"><a href=\"https:\/\/course-building.s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/Spanish\/in-text_audio\/U22\/el_abuelo_se_sintio_mareado_en_su_fiesta_de_90_anos_y_lo_llevamos_al_doctor.mp3\" target=\"audio\"><img style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4100\/2019\/03\/22171914\/play.png\" alt=\"Play Audio\" width=\"40\" height=\"40\" border=\"0\" \/><\/a><\/span>El abuelo se sinti\u00f3 mareado en su fiesta de 90 a\u00f1os y lo llevamos al doctor. (<em>Grandfather felt \/ got dizzy in his 90th birthday party, and we took him to the doctor.<\/em>)<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span class=\"translation\" title=\"\"><a href=\"https:\/\/course-building.s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/Spanish\/in-text_audio\/U22\/el_se_sintio_bien_mientras_duraba_la_medicina_pero_sus_sintomas_volvieron_despues.mp3\" target=\"audio\"><img style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4100\/2019\/03\/22171914\/play.png\" alt=\"Play Audio\" width=\"40\" height=\"40\" border=\"0\" \/><\/a><\/span>\u00c9l se sinti\u00f3 bien mientras duraba la medicina, pero sus s\u00edntomas volvieron despu\u00e9s. (<em>He felt fine while the medicine lasted, but his symptoms came back after.<\/em>)<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span class=\"translation\" title=\"\"><a href=\"https:\/\/course-building.s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/Spanish\/in-text_audio\/U22\/la_chica_se_sentia_cohibida_en_las_fiestas_y_nunca_quiso_bailar.mp3\" target=\"audio\"><img style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4100\/2019\/03\/22171914\/play.png\" alt=\"Play Audio\" width=\"40\" height=\"40\" border=\"0\" \/><\/a><\/span>La chica se sent\u00eda cohibida en las fiestas y nunca quiso bailar. (<em>The girl felt shy at parties and never wanted to dance.<\/em>)<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\">Reflexive verbs that portray emotions similarly use the imperfect and the preterit to distinguish between *being* in a condition in the past and *becoming* in a condition in the past. Here are a few of the ones you learned in the chapter on reflexive verbs: <strong><span class=\"translation\" title=\"\"><a href=\"https:\/\/course-building.s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/Spanish\/in-text_audio\/U14\/aburrirse.mp3\" target=\"audio\"><img style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4100\/2019\/03\/22171914\/play.png\" alt=\"Play Audio\" width=\"40\" height=\"40\" border=\"0\" \/><\/a><\/span>aburrirse<\/strong> (<em>to become bored<\/em>); <strong><span class=\"translation\" title=\"\"><a href=\"https:\/\/course-building.s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/Spanish\/in-text_audio\/U14\/alegrarse.mp3\" target=\"audio\"><img style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4100\/2019\/03\/22171914\/play.png\" alt=\"Play Audio\" width=\"40\" height=\"40\" border=\"0\" \/><\/a><\/span>alegrarse<\/strong> (<em>to become happy<\/em>); <strong><span class=\"translation\" title=\"\"><a href=\"https:\/\/course-building.s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/Spanish\/in-text_audio\/U14\/enojarse.mp3\" target=\"audio\"><img style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4100\/2019\/03\/22171914\/play.png\" alt=\"Play Audio\" width=\"40\" height=\"40\" border=\"0\" \/><\/a><\/span>enojarse<\/strong> (<em>to become angry<\/em>); <strong><span class=\"translation\" title=\"\"><a href=\"https:\/\/course-building.s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/Spanish\/in-text_audio\/U14\/frustrarse.mp3\" target=\"audio\"><img style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4100\/2019\/03\/22171914\/play.png\" alt=\"Play Audio\" width=\"40\" height=\"40\" border=\"0\" \/><\/a><\/span>frustrarse<\/strong> (<em>to become frustrated<\/em>); <strong><span class=\"translation\" title=\"\"><a href=\"https:\/\/course-building.s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/Spanish\/in-text_audio\/U14\/sorprenderse.mp3\" target=\"audio\"><img style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4100\/2019\/03\/22171914\/play.png\" alt=\"Play Audio\" width=\"40\" height=\"40\" border=\"0\" \/><\/a><\/span>sorprenderse<\/strong> (<em>to be surprised<\/em>)\r\nExamples:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span class=\"translation\" title=\"\"><a href=\"https:\/\/course-building.s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/Spanish\/in-text_audio\/U22\/el_no_se_aburrio_en_la_fiesta_de_coctel_cuando_conocio_a_su_esposa_lo_cual_era_raro_porque_siempre_se_aburria_en_fiestas_sin_musica_y_baile.mp3\" target=\"audio\"><img style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4100\/2019\/03\/22171914\/play.png\" alt=\"Play Audio\" width=\"40\" height=\"40\" border=\"0\" \/><\/a><\/span>\u00c9l no se aburri\u00f3 en la fiesta de c\u00f3ctel cuando conoci\u00f3 a su esposa, lo cual era raro porque siempre se aburr\u00eda en fiestas sin m\u00fasica y baile. (<em>He didn\u2019t get bored at the cocktail party when he first met his wife, which was strange because he was always bored at parties without music and dancing.<\/em>)<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\">Another irregular verb that expresses a change of emotion in the preterit is <strong><span class=\"translation\" title=\"\"><a href=\"https:\/\/course-building.s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/Spanish\/in-text_audio\/U17\/ponerse.mp3\" target=\"audio\"><img style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4100\/2019\/03\/22171914\/play.png\" alt=\"Play Audio\" width=\"40\" height=\"40\" border=\"0\" \/><\/a><\/span>ponerse<\/strong> (<em>to become<\/em>); in the imperfect it expresses a continuous or habitual emotional state.\r\nExamples:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span class=\"translation\" title=\"\"><a href=\"https:\/\/course-building.s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/Spanish\/in-text_audio\/U22\/ella_se_puso_nerviosa_antes_de_invitar_al_chico_guapo_a_la_fiesta.mp3\" target=\"audio\"><img style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4100\/2019\/03\/22171914\/play.png\" alt=\"Play Audio\" width=\"40\" height=\"40\" border=\"0\" \/><\/a><\/span>Ella se puso nerviosa antes de invitar al chico guapo a la fiesta. (<em>She got nervous before inviting the handsome young man to the party.<\/em>)<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span class=\"translation\" title=\"\"><a href=\"https:\/\/course-building.s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/Spanish\/in-text_audio\/U22\/el_cocinero_se_ponia_nervioso_para_cada_fiesta_de_ano_nuevo_por_la_posibilidad_de_no_tener_suficientes_uvas.mp3\" target=\"audio\"><img style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4100\/2019\/03\/22171914\/play.png\" alt=\"Play Audio\" width=\"40\" height=\"40\" border=\"0\" \/><\/a><\/span>El cocinero se pon\u00eda nervioso para cada fiesta de A\u00f1o Nuevo, por la posibilidad de no tener suficientes uvas. (<em>The cook would get nervous for every New Year\u2019s party, about the possibility of not having enough grapes.<\/em>)<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\">Also, as you learned in Spanish 1, don\u2019t forget the expressions with \u201ctener\u201d that show physical states and emotions:<strong> <span class=\"translation\" title=\"\"><a href=\"https:\/\/course-building.s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/Spanish\/in-text_audio\/U22\/tener_hambre.mp3\" target=\"audio\"><img style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4100\/2019\/03\/22171914\/play.png\" alt=\"Play Audio\" width=\"40\" height=\"40\" border=\"0\" \/><\/a><\/span>tener hambre<\/strong> (<em>to be hungry<\/em>), <strong><span class=\"translation\" title=\"\"><a href=\"https:\/\/course-building.s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/Spanish\/in-text_audio\/U22\/tener_sed.mp3\" target=\"audio\"><img style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4100\/2019\/03\/22171914\/play.png\" alt=\"Play Audio\" width=\"40\" height=\"40\" border=\"0\" \/><\/a><\/span>tener sed<\/strong> (<em>to be thirsty<\/em>), <strong><span class=\"translation\" title=\"\"><a href=\"https:\/\/course-building.s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/Spanish\/in-text_audio\/U22\/tener_frio.mp3\" target=\"audio\"><img style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4100\/2019\/03\/22171914\/play.png\" alt=\"Play Audio\" width=\"40\" height=\"40\" border=\"0\" \/><\/a><\/span>tener fr\u00edo<\/strong> (<em>to be cold<\/em>), <strong><span class=\"translation\" title=\"\"><a href=\"https:\/\/course-building.s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/Spanish\/in-text_audio\/U22\/tener_calor.mp3\" target=\"audio\"><img style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4100\/2019\/03\/22171914\/play.png\" alt=\"Play Audio\" width=\"40\" height=\"40\" border=\"0\" \/><\/a><\/span>tener calor<\/strong> (<em>to be hot<\/em>), <strong><span class=\"translation\" title=\"\"><a href=\"https:\/\/course-building.s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/Spanish\/in-text_audio\/U22\/tener_suerte.mp3\" target=\"audio\"><img style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4100\/2019\/03\/22171914\/play.png\" alt=\"Play Audio\" width=\"40\" height=\"40\" border=\"0\" \/><\/a><\/span>tener suerte<\/strong> (<em>to be lucky<\/em>).\r\nExamples:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span class=\"translation\" title=\"\"><a href=\"https:\/\/course-building.s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/Spanish\/in-text_audio\/U22\/cuando_entramos_al_comedor_y_vimos_la_cena_de_navidad_de_pronto_todos_tuvimos_mucha_hambre.mp3\" target=\"audio\"><img style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4100\/2019\/03\/22171914\/play.png\" alt=\"Play Audio\" width=\"40\" height=\"40\" border=\"0\" \/><\/a><\/span>Cuando entramos al comedor y vimos la cena de Navidad, de pronto todos tuvimos mucha hambre. (<em>When we walked into the dining room and saw the Christmas dinner, suddenly we were all hungry.<\/em>)<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span class=\"translation\" title=\"\"><a href=\"https:\/\/course-building.s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/Spanish\/in-text_audio\/U22\/eran_las_navidades_pero_teniamos_calor_porque_viviamos_en_centroamerica.mp3\" target=\"audio\"><img style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4100\/2019\/03\/22171914\/play.png\" alt=\"Play Audio\" width=\"40\" height=\"40\" border=\"0\" \/><\/a><\/span>Eran las Navidades, pero ten\u00edamos calor porque viv\u00edamos en Centroam\u00e9rica. (<em>It was Christmastime, but we were hot because we were living in Central America.<\/em>)<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>","rendered":"<div class=\"textbox learning-objectives\">\n<h3>Objetivos<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Distinguish the use of the imperfect for describing ongoing conditions and the preterit for the onset of conditions.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<p>In the beginning of this unit you learned that the imperfect is used for past actions in progress and the preterit is used for past completed actions. The same distinction can be applied to emotions, mental states and similar conditions:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\">Verbs that describe a mental or physical state are called non-action verbs. These change meaning when you use them in the preterit or imperfect. For example, the verb <strong><span class=\"translation\" title=\"\"><a href=\"https:\/\/course-building.s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/Spanish\/in-text_audio\/U17\/estar.mp3\" target=\"audio\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4100\/2019\/03\/22171914\/play.png\" alt=\"Play Audio\" width=\"40\" height=\"40\" border=\"0\" \/><\/a><\/span>estar<\/strong> in the preterit means \u201cbecame\u201d or \u201cgot\u201d, whereas in the imperfect it means \u201cwas\u201d.<br \/>\nExamples:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span class=\"translation\" title=\"\"><a href=\"https:\/\/course-building.s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/Spanish\/in-text_audio\/U22\/mama_estuvo_enojada_cuando_le_dimos_una_fiesta_sorpresa.mp3\" target=\"audio\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4100\/2019\/03\/22171914\/play.png\" alt=\"Play Audio\" width=\"40\" height=\"40\" border=\"0\" \/><\/a><\/span>Mam\u00e1 estuvo enojada cuando le dimos una fiesta sorpresa. (<em>Mom got angry when we gave her a surprise party.<\/em>)<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span class=\"translation\" title=\"\"><a href=\"https:\/\/course-building.s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/Spanish\/in-text_audio\/U22\/realmente_estaba_contenta_con_una_tarde_tranquila_en_casa_por_sus_cumpleanos.mp3\" target=\"audio\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4100\/2019\/03\/22171914\/play.png\" alt=\"Play Audio\" width=\"40\" height=\"40\" border=\"0\" \/><\/a><\/span>Realmente estaba contenta con una tarde tranquila en casa por sus cumplea\u00f1os. (<em>Really she was happy with a quiet afternoon at home for her birthday.<\/em>)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\">The stem-changing verb <strong>sentirse<\/strong> means \u201cto feel\u201d, and you can use the imperfect to describe an ongoing feeling, or the preterit to describe the onset or a completed feeling.<br \/>\nExamples:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span class=\"translation\" title=\"\"><a href=\"https:\/\/course-building.s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/Spanish\/in-text_audio\/U22\/el_abuelo_se_sintio_mareado_en_su_fiesta_de_90_anos_y_lo_llevamos_al_doctor.mp3\" target=\"audio\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4100\/2019\/03\/22171914\/play.png\" alt=\"Play Audio\" width=\"40\" height=\"40\" border=\"0\" \/><\/a><\/span>El abuelo se sinti\u00f3 mareado en su fiesta de 90 a\u00f1os y lo llevamos al doctor. (<em>Grandfather felt \/ got dizzy in his 90th birthday party, and we took him to the doctor.<\/em>)<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span class=\"translation\" title=\"\"><a href=\"https:\/\/course-building.s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/Spanish\/in-text_audio\/U22\/el_se_sintio_bien_mientras_duraba_la_medicina_pero_sus_sintomas_volvieron_despues.mp3\" target=\"audio\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4100\/2019\/03\/22171914\/play.png\" alt=\"Play Audio\" width=\"40\" height=\"40\" border=\"0\" \/><\/a><\/span>\u00c9l se sinti\u00f3 bien mientras duraba la medicina, pero sus s\u00edntomas volvieron despu\u00e9s. (<em>He felt fine while the medicine lasted, but his symptoms came back after.<\/em>)<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span class=\"translation\" title=\"\"><a href=\"https:\/\/course-building.s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/Spanish\/in-text_audio\/U22\/la_chica_se_sentia_cohibida_en_las_fiestas_y_nunca_quiso_bailar.mp3\" target=\"audio\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4100\/2019\/03\/22171914\/play.png\" alt=\"Play Audio\" width=\"40\" height=\"40\" border=\"0\" \/><\/a><\/span>La chica se sent\u00eda cohibida en las fiestas y nunca quiso bailar. (<em>The girl felt shy at parties and never wanted to dance.<\/em>)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\">Reflexive verbs that portray emotions similarly use the imperfect and the preterit to distinguish between *being* in a condition in the past and *becoming* in a condition in the past. Here are a few of the ones you learned in the chapter on reflexive verbs: <strong><span class=\"translation\" title=\"\"><a href=\"https:\/\/course-building.s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/Spanish\/in-text_audio\/U14\/aburrirse.mp3\" target=\"audio\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4100\/2019\/03\/22171914\/play.png\" alt=\"Play Audio\" width=\"40\" height=\"40\" border=\"0\" \/><\/a><\/span>aburrirse<\/strong> (<em>to become bored<\/em>); <strong><span class=\"translation\" title=\"\"><a href=\"https:\/\/course-building.s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/Spanish\/in-text_audio\/U14\/alegrarse.mp3\" target=\"audio\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4100\/2019\/03\/22171914\/play.png\" alt=\"Play Audio\" width=\"40\" height=\"40\" border=\"0\" \/><\/a><\/span>alegrarse<\/strong> (<em>to become happy<\/em>); <strong><span class=\"translation\" title=\"\"><a href=\"https:\/\/course-building.s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/Spanish\/in-text_audio\/U14\/enojarse.mp3\" target=\"audio\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4100\/2019\/03\/22171914\/play.png\" alt=\"Play Audio\" width=\"40\" height=\"40\" border=\"0\" \/><\/a><\/span>enojarse<\/strong> (<em>to become angry<\/em>); <strong><span class=\"translation\" title=\"\"><a href=\"https:\/\/course-building.s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/Spanish\/in-text_audio\/U14\/frustrarse.mp3\" target=\"audio\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4100\/2019\/03\/22171914\/play.png\" alt=\"Play Audio\" width=\"40\" height=\"40\" border=\"0\" \/><\/a><\/span>frustrarse<\/strong> (<em>to become frustrated<\/em>); <strong><span class=\"translation\" title=\"\"><a href=\"https:\/\/course-building.s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/Spanish\/in-text_audio\/U14\/sorprenderse.mp3\" target=\"audio\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4100\/2019\/03\/22171914\/play.png\" alt=\"Play Audio\" width=\"40\" height=\"40\" border=\"0\" \/><\/a><\/span>sorprenderse<\/strong> (<em>to be surprised<\/em>)<br \/>\nExamples:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span class=\"translation\" title=\"\"><a href=\"https:\/\/course-building.s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/Spanish\/in-text_audio\/U22\/el_no_se_aburrio_en_la_fiesta_de_coctel_cuando_conocio_a_su_esposa_lo_cual_era_raro_porque_siempre_se_aburria_en_fiestas_sin_musica_y_baile.mp3\" target=\"audio\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4100\/2019\/03\/22171914\/play.png\" alt=\"Play Audio\" width=\"40\" height=\"40\" border=\"0\" \/><\/a><\/span>\u00c9l no se aburri\u00f3 en la fiesta de c\u00f3ctel cuando conoci\u00f3 a su esposa, lo cual era raro porque siempre se aburr\u00eda en fiestas sin m\u00fasica y baile. (<em>He didn\u2019t get bored at the cocktail party when he first met his wife, which was strange because he was always bored at parties without music and dancing.<\/em>)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\">Another irregular verb that expresses a change of emotion in the preterit is <strong><span class=\"translation\" title=\"\"><a href=\"https:\/\/course-building.s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/Spanish\/in-text_audio\/U17\/ponerse.mp3\" target=\"audio\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4100\/2019\/03\/22171914\/play.png\" alt=\"Play Audio\" width=\"40\" height=\"40\" border=\"0\" \/><\/a><\/span>ponerse<\/strong> (<em>to become<\/em>); in the imperfect it expresses a continuous or habitual emotional state.<br \/>\nExamples:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span class=\"translation\" title=\"\"><a href=\"https:\/\/course-building.s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/Spanish\/in-text_audio\/U22\/ella_se_puso_nerviosa_antes_de_invitar_al_chico_guapo_a_la_fiesta.mp3\" target=\"audio\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4100\/2019\/03\/22171914\/play.png\" alt=\"Play Audio\" width=\"40\" height=\"40\" border=\"0\" \/><\/a><\/span>Ella se puso nerviosa antes de invitar al chico guapo a la fiesta. (<em>She got nervous before inviting the handsome young man to the party.<\/em>)<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span class=\"translation\" title=\"\"><a href=\"https:\/\/course-building.s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/Spanish\/in-text_audio\/U22\/el_cocinero_se_ponia_nervioso_para_cada_fiesta_de_ano_nuevo_por_la_posibilidad_de_no_tener_suficientes_uvas.mp3\" target=\"audio\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4100\/2019\/03\/22171914\/play.png\" alt=\"Play Audio\" width=\"40\" height=\"40\" border=\"0\" \/><\/a><\/span>El cocinero se pon\u00eda nervioso para cada fiesta de A\u00f1o Nuevo, por la posibilidad de no tener suficientes uvas. (<em>The cook would get nervous for every New Year\u2019s party, about the possibility of not having enough grapes.<\/em>)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\">Also, as you learned in Spanish 1, don\u2019t forget the expressions with \u201ctener\u201d that show physical states and emotions:<strong> <span class=\"translation\" title=\"\"><a href=\"https:\/\/course-building.s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/Spanish\/in-text_audio\/U22\/tener_hambre.mp3\" target=\"audio\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4100\/2019\/03\/22171914\/play.png\" alt=\"Play Audio\" width=\"40\" height=\"40\" border=\"0\" \/><\/a><\/span>tener hambre<\/strong> (<em>to be hungry<\/em>), <strong><span class=\"translation\" title=\"\"><a href=\"https:\/\/course-building.s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/Spanish\/in-text_audio\/U22\/tener_sed.mp3\" target=\"audio\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4100\/2019\/03\/22171914\/play.png\" alt=\"Play Audio\" width=\"40\" height=\"40\" border=\"0\" \/><\/a><\/span>tener sed<\/strong> (<em>to be thirsty<\/em>), <strong><span class=\"translation\" title=\"\"><a href=\"https:\/\/course-building.s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/Spanish\/in-text_audio\/U22\/tener_frio.mp3\" target=\"audio\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4100\/2019\/03\/22171914\/play.png\" alt=\"Play Audio\" width=\"40\" height=\"40\" border=\"0\" \/><\/a><\/span>tener fr\u00edo<\/strong> (<em>to be cold<\/em>), <strong><span class=\"translation\" title=\"\"><a href=\"https:\/\/course-building.s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/Spanish\/in-text_audio\/U22\/tener_calor.mp3\" target=\"audio\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4100\/2019\/03\/22171914\/play.png\" alt=\"Play Audio\" width=\"40\" height=\"40\" border=\"0\" \/><\/a><\/span>tener calor<\/strong> (<em>to be hot<\/em>), <strong><span class=\"translation\" title=\"\"><a href=\"https:\/\/course-building.s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/Spanish\/in-text_audio\/U22\/tener_suerte.mp3\" target=\"audio\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4100\/2019\/03\/22171914\/play.png\" alt=\"Play Audio\" width=\"40\" height=\"40\" border=\"0\" \/><\/a><\/span>tener suerte<\/strong> (<em>to be lucky<\/em>).<br \/>\nExamples:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span class=\"translation\" title=\"\"><a href=\"https:\/\/course-building.s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/Spanish\/in-text_audio\/U22\/cuando_entramos_al_comedor_y_vimos_la_cena_de_navidad_de_pronto_todos_tuvimos_mucha_hambre.mp3\" target=\"audio\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4100\/2019\/03\/22171914\/play.png\" alt=\"Play Audio\" width=\"40\" height=\"40\" border=\"0\" \/><\/a><\/span>Cuando entramos al comedor y vimos la cena de Navidad, de pronto todos tuvimos mucha hambre. (<em>When we walked into the dining room and saw the Christmas dinner, suddenly we were all hungry.<\/em>)<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span class=\"translation\" title=\"\"><a href=\"https:\/\/course-building.s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/Spanish\/in-text_audio\/U22\/eran_las_navidades_pero_teniamos_calor_porque_viviamos_en_centroamerica.mp3\" target=\"audio\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4100\/2019\/03\/22171914\/play.png\" alt=\"Play Audio\" width=\"40\" height=\"40\" border=\"0\" \/><\/a><\/span>Eran las Navidades, pero ten\u00edamos calor porque viv\u00edamos en Centroam\u00e9rica. (<em>It was Christmastime, but we were hot because we were living in Central America.<\/em>)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"author":161083,"menu_order":8,"template":"","meta":{"_candela_citation":"[]","CANDELA_OUTCOMES_GUID":"d571c4b4-6f82-4700-a590-4f318bea77de, 2a0abbd0-104d-46d4-9a49-55822eae2de8","pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-4954","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry"],"part":4946,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-spanish2\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/4954","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-spanish2\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-spanish2\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-spanish2\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/161083"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-spanish2\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/4954\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7173,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-spanish2\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/4954\/revisions\/7173"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-spanish2\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/4946"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-spanish2\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/4954\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-spanish2\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4954"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-spanish2\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=4954"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-spanish2\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=4954"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-spanish2\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=4954"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}