{"id":1559,"date":"2017-07-11T02:46:24","date_gmt":"2017-07-11T02:46:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/ushistory1os\/chapter\/primary-source-images-the-cotton-revolution\/"},"modified":"2021-11-10T05:42:25","modified_gmt":"2021-11-10T05:42:25","slug":"primary-source-images-the-cotton-revolution","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-ushistory1\/chapter\/primary-source-images-the-cotton-revolution\/","title":{"raw":"Primary Source Images: The Cotton Revolution","rendered":"Primary Source Images: The Cotton Revolution"},"content":{"raw":"<h2>Introduction<\/h2>\r\nCotton created the antebellum South. The wildly profitable commodity opened a previously closed society to the grandeur, the profit, the exploitation, and the social dimensions of a larger, more connected, global community. Populations became more cosmopolitan, more educated, and wealthier. Systems of class\u2014lower-, middle-, and upper-class communities\u2014developed where they had never clearly existed. Ports that had once focused entirely on the importation of slaves, and shipped only regionally, became homes to daily and weekly shipping lines to New York City, Liverpool, Manchester, Le Havre, and Lisbon. The world was, slowly but surely, coming closer together; and the South was right in the middle. But slavery remained, and the internal slave trade rose as the 1860s approached.\u00a0Political debate, race relations, and the burden of slavery continued beneath the roar of steamboats, counting houses, and the exchange of goods. Underneath it all, many questions remained\u2014chief among them, what to do if slavery somehow came under threat. These sources offer perspectives on how southerners, enslaved and free, made meaning of their lives in an era of great change.\r\n<h2>Enslaved persons for sale<\/h2>\r\n<div id=\"attachment_780\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\">\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.americanyawp.com\/reader\/wp-content\/uploads\/awaitingsale_c3330d46da-3.png\"><img class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2157\/2017\/07\/11024617\/awaitingsale_c3330d46da-3.png\" alt=\"Painting of a man, women, and children waiting to be sold as slaves.\" width=\"992\" height=\"701\" \/><\/a>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\nThe English painter Eyre Crowe traveled through the American South in the early 1850s. He was particularly shocked to see the horrors of a slave market where families were torn apart by sale. In this painting, Crowe depicts an enslaved man, several women, and children waiting to be sold at auction.\r\n<h2>Proslavery cartoon<\/h2>\r\n<div id=\"attachment_784\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\">\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.americanyawp.com\/reader\/wp-content\/uploads\/Slavery-as-it-exists-in-America-Slavery-as-it-exists-in-England.-2.jpg\"><img class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2157\/2017\/07\/11024622\/Slavery-as-it-exists-in-America-Slavery-as-it-exists-in-England.-2-996x1500.jpg\" alt=\"A pro-slavery advertisement depicting slaves in America as cheerful and dancing while slaves in England are downtrodden, overworked, and injured.\" width=\"996\" height=\"1500\" \/><\/a>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\nEuropean alliances helped the American\u00a0antislavery movement. But proslavery supporters also drew transatlantic comparisons. This proslavery image ignorantly portrays enslaved people who, according to white observers,\u00a0were\u00a0cheerful and pleased with their bondage. Proslavery advocates attempted to claim that English factory workers suffered a worse \u201cslavery\u201d than enslaved Africans and African Americans in the American South.","rendered":"<h2>Introduction<\/h2>\n<p>Cotton created the antebellum South. The wildly profitable commodity opened a previously closed society to the grandeur, the profit, the exploitation, and the social dimensions of a larger, more connected, global community. Populations became more cosmopolitan, more educated, and wealthier. Systems of class\u2014lower-, middle-, and upper-class communities\u2014developed where they had never clearly existed. Ports that had once focused entirely on the importation of slaves, and shipped only regionally, became homes to daily and weekly shipping lines to New York City, Liverpool, Manchester, Le Havre, and Lisbon. The world was, slowly but surely, coming closer together; and the South was right in the middle. But slavery remained, and the internal slave trade rose as the 1860s approached.\u00a0Political debate, race relations, and the burden of slavery continued beneath the roar of steamboats, counting houses, and the exchange of goods. Underneath it all, many questions remained\u2014chief among them, what to do if slavery somehow came under threat. These sources offer perspectives on how southerners, enslaved and free, made meaning of their lives in an era of great change.<\/p>\n<h2>Enslaved persons for sale<\/h2>\n<div id=\"attachment_780\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\">\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.americanyawp.com\/reader\/wp-content\/uploads\/awaitingsale_c3330d46da-3.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2157\/2017\/07\/11024617\/awaitingsale_c3330d46da-3.png\" alt=\"Painting of a man, women, and children waiting to be sold as slaves.\" width=\"992\" height=\"701\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>The English painter Eyre Crowe traveled through the American South in the early 1850s. He was particularly shocked to see the horrors of a slave market where families were torn apart by sale. In this painting, Crowe depicts an enslaved man, several women, and children waiting to be sold at auction.<\/p>\n<h2>Proslavery cartoon<\/h2>\n<div id=\"attachment_784\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\">\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.americanyawp.com\/reader\/wp-content\/uploads\/Slavery-as-it-exists-in-America-Slavery-as-it-exists-in-England.-2.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2157\/2017\/07\/11024622\/Slavery-as-it-exists-in-America-Slavery-as-it-exists-in-England.-2-996x1500.jpg\" alt=\"A pro-slavery advertisement depicting slaves in America as cheerful and dancing while slaves in England are downtrodden, overworked, and injured.\" width=\"996\" height=\"1500\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>European alliances helped the American\u00a0antislavery movement. But proslavery supporters also drew transatlantic comparisons. This proslavery image ignorantly portrays enslaved people who, according to white observers,\u00a0were\u00a0cheerful and pleased with their bondage. Proslavery advocates attempted to claim that English factory workers suffered a worse \u201cslavery\u201d than enslaved Africans and African Americans in the American South.<\/p>\n\n\t\t\t <section class=\"citations-section\" role=\"contentinfo\">\n\t\t\t <h3>Candela Citations<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t <div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <div id=\"citation-list-1559\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t <div class=\"licensing\"><div class=\"license-attribution-dropdown-subheading\">CC licensed content, Shared previously<\/div><ul class=\"citation-list\"><li>The American Yawp Reader. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.americanyawp.com\/reader.html\">http:\/\/www.americanyawp.com\/reader.html<\/a>. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\/\">CC BY-SA: Attribution-ShareAlike<\/a><\/em><\/li><\/ul><div class=\"license-attribution-dropdown-subheading\">Public domain content<\/div><ul class=\"citation-list\"><li>Slaves Waiting for Sale. <strong>Authored by<\/strong>: Eyre Crowe. <strong>Provided by<\/strong>: University of Virginia. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/hitchcock.itc.virginia.edu\/Slavery\/detailsKeyword.php?keyword=slaves%20waiting%20for%20sale&#038;recordCount=2&#038;theRecord=0\">http:\/\/hitchcock.itc.virginia.edu\/Slavery\/detailsKeyword.php?keyword=slaves%20waiting%20for%20sale&#038;recordCount=2&#038;theRecord=0<\/a>. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/about\/pdm\">Public Domain: No Known Copyright<\/a><\/em><\/li><li>Slavery as it exists in America. Slavery as it exists in England. <strong>Provided by<\/strong>: Library Company of Philadelphia. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/lcpdams.librarycompany.org:8881\/R\/?func=dbin-jump-full&#038;object_id=130212&#038;local_base=GEN01\">http:\/\/lcpdams.librarycompany.org:8881\/R\/?func=dbin-jump-full&#038;object_id=130212&#038;local_base=GEN01<\/a>. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/about\/pdm\">Public Domain: No Known Copyright<\/a><\/em><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t <\/section>","protected":false},"author":29,"menu_order":1,"template":"","meta":{"_candela_citation":"[{\"type\":\"cc\",\"description\":\"The American Yawp Reader\",\"author\":\"\",\"organization\":\"\",\"url\":\"http:\/\/www.americanyawp.com\/reader.html\",\"project\":\"\",\"license\":\"cc-by-sa\",\"license_terms\":\"\"},{\"type\":\"pd\",\"description\":\"Slaves Waiting for Sale\",\"author\":\"Eyre Crowe\",\"organization\":\"University of Virginia\",\"url\":\"http:\/\/hitchcock.itc.virginia.edu\/Slavery\/detailsKeyword.php?keyword=slaves%20waiting%20for%20sale&recordCount=2&theRecord=0\",\"project\":\"\",\"license\":\"pd\",\"license_terms\":\"\"},{\"type\":\"pd\",\"description\":\"Slavery as it exists in America. Slavery as it exists in England\",\"author\":\"\",\"organization\":\"Library Company of Philadelphia\",\"url\":\"http:\/\/lcpdams.librarycompany.org:8881\/R\/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=130212&local_base=GEN01\",\"project\":\"\",\"license\":\"pd\",\"license_terms\":\"\"}]","CANDELA_OUTCOMES_GUID":"","pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-1559","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry"],"part":1556,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-ushistory1\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/1559","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-ushistory1\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-ushistory1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-ushistory1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/29"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-ushistory1\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/1559\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7728,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-ushistory1\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/1559\/revisions\/7728"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-ushistory1\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/1556"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-ushistory1\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/1559\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-ushistory1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1559"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-ushistory1\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=1559"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-ushistory1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=1559"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-ushistory1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=1559"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}