{"id":2699,"date":"2021-03-18T20:36:02","date_gmt":"2021-03-18T20:36:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-ushistory1\/?post_type=chapter&#038;p=2699"},"modified":"2021-08-30T18:22:37","modified_gmt":"2021-08-30T18:22:37","slug":"introduction-to-the-turning-tide","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-ushistory1\/chapter\/introduction-to-the-turning-tide\/","title":{"raw":"Introduction to the Turning Tide","rendered":"Introduction to the Turning Tide"},"content":{"raw":"<h2>What you'll learn to do: discuss why 1863 was the pivotal year of the Civil War<\/h2>\r\n<img class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/media.nationalgeographic.org\/assets\/photos\/244\/140\/b7abae18-5924-492b-bb73-43c7786581b3.jpg\" alt=\"Lithograph of Lincoln speaking at Gettysburg.\" width=\"601\" height=\"440\" \/>\r\n\r\nThe year 1863 proved decisive in the Civil War for two major reasons: First, the Union transformed the purpose of the struggle from restoring the Union to ending slavery. While Lincoln\u2019s Emancipation Proclamation did not succeed in freeing many of the enslaved, it made freedom for African Americans a cause of the Union. Second, during 1863\u00a0the tide increasingly turned against the Confederate army. The\u00a0success of the Vicksburg Campaign gave the Union control of the Mississippi River, and Lee\u2019s defeat at Gettysburg ended the attempted Confederate invasion of the North. Throughout 1863 the balance of power tipped towards the North, never to be relinquished.","rendered":"<h2>What you&#8217;ll learn to do: discuss why 1863 was the pivotal year of the Civil War<\/h2>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/media.nationalgeographic.org\/assets\/photos\/244\/140\/b7abae18-5924-492b-bb73-43c7786581b3.jpg\" alt=\"Lithograph of Lincoln speaking at Gettysburg.\" width=\"601\" height=\"440\" \/><\/p>\n<p>The year 1863 proved decisive in the Civil War for two major reasons: First, the Union transformed the purpose of the struggle from restoring the Union to ending slavery. While Lincoln\u2019s Emancipation Proclamation did not succeed in freeing many of the enslaved, it made freedom for African Americans a cause of the Union. Second, during 1863\u00a0the tide increasingly turned against the Confederate army. The\u00a0success of the Vicksburg Campaign gave the Union control of the Mississippi River, and Lee\u2019s defeat at Gettysburg ended the attempted Confederate invasion of the North. Throughout 1863 the balance of power tipped towards the North, never to be relinquished.<\/p>\n\n\t\t\t <section class=\"citations-section\" role=\"contentinfo\">\n\t\t\t <h3>Candela Citations<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t <div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <div id=\"citation-list-2699\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t <div class=\"licensing\"><div class=\"license-attribution-dropdown-subheading\">CC licensed content, Shared previously<\/div><ul class=\"citation-list\"><li>US History. <strong>Provided by<\/strong>: OpenStax. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/openstax.org\/books\/us-history\/pages\/15-3-1863-the-changing-nature-of-the-war\">https:\/\/openstax.org\/books\/us-history\/pages\/15-3-1863-the-changing-nature-of-the-war<\/a>. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\">CC BY: Attribution<\/a><\/em>. <strong>License Terms<\/strong>: Access for free at https:\/\/openstax.org\/books\/us-history\/pages\/1-introduction<\/li><\/ul><div class=\"license-attribution-dropdown-subheading\">Public domain content<\/div><ul class=\"citation-list\"><li>Lincoln&#039;s address at the dedication of the Gettysburg National Cemetery.. <strong>Authored by<\/strong>: Sherwood Lithograph Co. Photograph. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.loc.gov\/resource\/cph.3a05745\/\">https:\/\/www.loc.gov\/resource\/cph.3a05745\/<\/a>. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/about\/pdm\">Public Domain: No Known Copyright<\/a><\/em><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t <\/section>","protected":false},"author":23592,"menu_order":9,"template":"","meta":{"_candela_citation":"[{\"type\":\"cc\",\"description\":\"US History\",\"author\":\"\",\"organization\":\"OpenStax\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/openstax.org\/books\/us-history\/pages\/15-3-1863-the-changing-nature-of-the-war\",\"project\":\"\",\"license\":\"cc-by\",\"license_terms\":\"Access for free at https:\/\/openstax.org\/books\/us-history\/pages\/1-introduction\"},{\"type\":\"pd\",\"description\":\"Lincoln\\'s address at the dedication of the Gettysburg National Cemetery.\",\"author\":\"Sherwood Lithograph Co. Photograph\",\"organization\":\"\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.loc.gov\/resource\/cph.3a05745\/\",\"project\":\"\",\"license\":\"pd\",\"license_terms\":\"\"}]","CANDELA_OUTCOMES_GUID":"c0a85384-3062-4642-9c3e-d5305fa1c56a","pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-2699","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry"],"part":446,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-ushistory1\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/2699","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-ushistory1\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-ushistory1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-ushistory1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/23592"}],"version-history":[{"count":14,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-ushistory1\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/2699\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6399,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-ushistory1\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/2699\/revisions\/6399"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-ushistory1\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/446"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-ushistory1\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/2699\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-ushistory1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2699"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-ushistory1\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=2699"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-ushistory1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=2699"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-ushistory1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=2699"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}