{"id":1232,"date":"2020-03-25T15:34:59","date_gmt":"2020-03-25T15:34:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-writingskillslab\/chapter\/obvious-grammatical-errors\/"},"modified":"2024-04-24T22:17:48","modified_gmt":"2024-04-24T22:17:48","slug":"obvious-grammatical-errors","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-writingskillslab-2\/chapter\/obvious-grammatical-errors\/","title":{"raw":"Obvious Grammatical Errors","rendered":"Obvious Grammatical Errors"},"content":{"raw":"<div class=\"textbox learning-objectives\">\r\n<h3>Learning Objectives<\/h3>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Recognize common grammar and mechanical errors<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>\r\nGrammatically, writers tend to make their most obvious errors in the areas below.\r\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\" border=\"1\">\r\n<thead>\r\n<tr class=\"shaded\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">\r\n<h2>Error<\/h2>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">\r\n<h2>Practice revising it!<\/h2>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/thead>\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 13px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\"><strong>Subject\/verb agreement<\/strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>can usually be addressed by identifying each subject and verb in a sentence, ignoring the other words mentally, and making certain subjects\/verbs match in number and sound<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>the word \u201cand\u201d linking two subjects makes them plural, as in, \u201cGrammar and mechanics are related.\u201d<\/li>\r\n \t<li>when subjects are connected by \u201cor\u201d the subject closer to the verb determines the verb\u2019s number, as in, \u201cEither the punctuation marks or the usage is flawed.\u201d<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\"><iframe src=\"https:\/\/lumenlearning.h5p.com\/content\/1292200820105288838\/embed\" width=\"1088\" height=\"637\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" aria-label=\"Subject\/Verb agreement\"><\/iframe><script src=\"https:\/\/lumenlearning.h5p.com\/js\/h5p-resizer.js\" charset=\"UTF-8\"><\/script><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\"><strong>Verb tense<\/strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>must be considered both for consistency and context<\/li>\r\n \t<li>writers can switch verb tenses within a paragraph if context calls for it, but unnatural shifts in verb tense stand out loudly, as in, \u201cThe sample was heated and then cool before storage.\u201d<\/li>\r\n \t<li>generally the simplest verb tense should be chosen for the circumstances (avoid \u201chas,\u201d \u201chave,\u201d and \u201chad\u201d as helpers except when necessary)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>the present tense brings the material \u201ccloser\u201d to the reader, so use it whenever possible<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\"><iframe src=\"https:\/\/lumenlearning.h5p.com\/content\/1292200820859587038\/embed\" width=\"1088\" height=\"637\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" aria-label=\"Verb Tense\"><\/iframe><script src=\"https:\/\/lumenlearning.h5p.com\/js\/h5p-resizer.js\" charset=\"UTF-8\"><\/script><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\"><strong>Runs-ons and fragments<\/strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>can be addressed by identifying subjects and verbs<\/li>\r\n \t<li>sentence length can sometimes be a clue<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\"><iframe src=\"https:\/\/lumenlearning.h5p.com\/content\/1292200821548720878\/embed\" width=\"1088\" height=\"637\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" aria-label=\"Sentence Fragments and Run-ons\"><\/iframe><script src=\"https:\/\/lumenlearning.h5p.com\/js\/h5p-resizer.js\" charset=\"UTF-8\"><\/script><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\nWriters often also have trouble with some commonly confused terms. \u00a0The chart below briefly describes a few.\r\n<div>\r\n<table class=\"lines\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td><strong>affect<\/strong> vs. <strong>effect<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td>\u201cAffect\u201d is usually a verb meaning \"to influence,\" while \u201ceffect\u201d is usually a noun meaning \"outcome\" or \"result.\"<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td><strong>it\u2019s<\/strong> vs. <strong>its<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td>\u201cIt\u2019s\u201d always means \"it is,\" while \u201cits\u201d always shows possession.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td><strong>e.g.<\/strong> vs. <strong>i.e.<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td>The abbreviation \u201ce.g.\u201d is Latin for exempli gratia and means \u201cfor example,\u201d while \u201ci.e.\u201d is Latin for id est and means \u201cthat is.\u201d<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td><strong>imply<\/strong> vs. <strong>infer<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td>The word \u201cimply\u201d means \"to suggest\" or \"to indicate,\" while \u201cinfer\u201d involves a person actively applying deduction.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td><strong>that<\/strong> vs. <strong>which<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td>The word \u201cthat\u201d is used to define and limit a noun\u2019s meaning, while \u201cwhich\u201d is used to provide descriptive information not central to the noun\u2019s definition.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<div class=\"textbox tryit\">\r\n<h3>Try It<\/h3>\r\n<h4><\/h4>\r\n<iframe src=\"https:\/\/lumenlearning.h5p.com\/content\/1292200822251998548\/embed\" width=\"1088\" height=\"637\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" aria-label=\"Obvious Grammatical Errors\"><\/iframe><script src=\"https:\/\/lumenlearning.h5p.com\/js\/h5p-resizer.js\" charset=\"UTF-8\"><\/script>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>","rendered":"<div class=\"textbox learning-objectives\">\n<h3>Learning Objectives<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Recognize common grammar and mechanical errors<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<p>Grammatically, writers tend to make their most obvious errors in the areas below.<\/p>\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\">\n<thead>\n<tr class=\"shaded\">\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">\n<h2>Error<\/h2>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">\n<h2>Practice revising it!<\/h2>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 13px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\"><strong>Subject\/verb agreement<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li>can usually be addressed by identifying each subject and verb in a sentence, ignoring the other words mentally, and making certain subjects\/verbs match in number and sound<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>the word \u201cand\u201d linking two subjects makes them plural, as in, \u201cGrammar and mechanics are related.\u201d<\/li>\n<li>when subjects are connected by \u201cor\u201d the subject closer to the verb determines the verb\u2019s number, as in, \u201cEither the punctuation marks or the usage is flawed.\u201d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/lumenlearning.h5p.com\/content\/1292200820105288838\/embed\" width=\"1088\" height=\"637\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" aria-label=\"Subject\/Verb agreement\"><\/iframe><script src=\"https:\/\/lumenlearning.h5p.com\/js\/h5p-resizer.js\" charset=\"UTF-8\"><\/script><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\"><strong>Verb tense<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>must be considered both for consistency and context<\/li>\n<li>writers can switch verb tenses within a paragraph if context calls for it, but unnatural shifts in verb tense stand out loudly, as in, \u201cThe sample was heated and then cool before storage.\u201d<\/li>\n<li>generally the simplest verb tense should be chosen for the circumstances (avoid \u201chas,\u201d \u201chave,\u201d and \u201chad\u201d as helpers except when necessary)<\/li>\n<li>the present tense brings the material \u201ccloser\u201d to the reader, so use it whenever possible<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/lumenlearning.h5p.com\/content\/1292200820859587038\/embed\" width=\"1088\" height=\"637\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" aria-label=\"Verb Tense\"><\/iframe><script src=\"https:\/\/lumenlearning.h5p.com\/js\/h5p-resizer.js\" charset=\"UTF-8\"><\/script><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\"><strong>Runs-ons and fragments<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>can be addressed by identifying subjects and verbs<\/li>\n<li>sentence length can sometimes be a clue<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/lumenlearning.h5p.com\/content\/1292200821548720878\/embed\" width=\"1088\" height=\"637\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" aria-label=\"Sentence Fragments and Run-ons\"><\/iframe><script src=\"https:\/\/lumenlearning.h5p.com\/js\/h5p-resizer.js\" charset=\"UTF-8\"><\/script><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Writers often also have trouble with some commonly confused terms. \u00a0The chart below briefly describes a few.<\/p>\n<div>\n<table class=\"lines\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>affect<\/strong> vs. <strong>effect<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u201cAffect\u201d is usually a verb meaning &#8220;to influence,&#8221; while \u201ceffect\u201d is usually a noun meaning &#8220;outcome&#8221; or &#8220;result.&#8221;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>it\u2019s<\/strong> vs. <strong>its<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u201cIt\u2019s\u201d always means &#8220;it is,&#8221; while \u201cits\u201d always shows possession.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>e.g.<\/strong> vs. <strong>i.e.<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>The abbreviation \u201ce.g.\u201d is Latin for exempli gratia and means \u201cfor example,\u201d while \u201ci.e.\u201d is Latin for id est and means \u201cthat is.\u201d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>imply<\/strong> vs. <strong>infer<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>The word \u201cimply\u201d means &#8220;to suggest&#8221; or &#8220;to indicate,&#8221; while \u201cinfer\u201d involves a person actively applying deduction.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>that<\/strong> vs. <strong>which<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>The word \u201cthat\u201d is used to define and limit a noun\u2019s meaning, while \u201cwhich\u201d is used to provide descriptive information not central to the noun\u2019s definition.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<div class=\"textbox tryit\">\n<h3>Try It<\/h3>\n<h4><\/h4>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/lumenlearning.h5p.com\/content\/1292200822251998548\/embed\" width=\"1088\" height=\"637\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" aria-label=\"Obvious Grammatical Errors\"><\/iframe><script src=\"https:\/\/lumenlearning.h5p.com\/js\/h5p-resizer.js\" charset=\"UTF-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t <section class=\"citations-section\" role=\"contentinfo\">\n\t\t\t <h3>Candela Citations<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t <div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <div id=\"citation-list-1232\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t <div class=\"licensing\"><div class=\"license-attribution-dropdown-subheading\">CC licensed content, Original<\/div><ul class=\"citation-list\"><li>Obvious Grammatical Errors. <strong>Authored by<\/strong>: Karen Forgette. <strong>Provided by<\/strong>: University of Mississippi. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\">CC BY: Attribution<\/a><\/em><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t <\/section>","protected":false},"author":161083,"menu_order":21,"template":"","meta":{"_candela_citation":"[{\"type\":\"original\",\"description\":\"Obvious Grammatical Errors\",\"author\":\"Karen Forgette\",\"organization\":\"University of Mississippi\",\"url\":\"\",\"project\":\"\",\"license\":\"cc-by\",\"license_terms\":\"\"}]","CANDELA_OUTCOMES_GUID":"7cee665e-8392-42b7-be52-7f19aaccd498, b4d5e327-e595-4814-a705-9b210f1900f5","pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-1232","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry"],"part":1211,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-writingskillslab-2\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/1232","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-writingskillslab-2\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-writingskillslab-2\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-writingskillslab-2\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/161083"}],"version-history":[{"count":14,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-writingskillslab-2\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/1232\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1623,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-writingskillslab-2\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/1232\/revisions\/1623"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-writingskillslab-2\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/1211"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-writingskillslab-2\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/1232\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-writingskillslab-2\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1232"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-writingskillslab-2\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=1232"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-writingskillslab-2\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=1232"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-writingskillslab-2\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=1232"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}