Summary of Direction Fields and Numerical Methods

Essential Concepts

  • A direction field is a mathematical object used to graphically represent solutions to a first-order differential equation.
  • Euler’s Method is a numerical technique that can be used to approximate solutions to a differential equation.

Key Equations

  • Euler’s Method

    xn=x0+nhyn=yn1+hf(xn1,yn1),wherehis the step size

Glossary

asymptotically semi-stable solution
y=k if it is neither asymptotically stable nor asymptotically unstable
asymptotically stable solution
y=k if there exists ϵ>0 such that for any value c(kϵ,k+ϵ) the solution to the initial-value problem y=f(x,y),y(x0)=c approaches k as x approaches infinity
asymptotically unstable solution
y=k if there exists ϵ>0 such that for any value c(kϵ,k+ϵ) the solution to the initial-value problem y=f(x,y),y(x0)=c never approaches k as x approaches infinity
direction field (slope field)
a mathematical object used to graphically represent solutions to a first-order differential equation; at each point in a direction field, a line segment appears whose slope is equal to the slope of a solution to the differential equation passing through that point
equilibrium solution
any solution to the differential equation of the form y=c, where c is a constant
Euler’s Method
a numerical technique used to approximate solutions to an initial-value problem
solution curve
a curve graphed in a direction field that corresponds to the solution to the initial-value problem passing through a given point in the direction field
step size
the increment h that is added to the x value at each step in Euler’s Method