There are many metabolic pathways/cycles/processes/reactions that are involved in the synthesis or degradation of carbohydrates and compounds formed from them. Please note that most of these pathways aren’t specific to carbohydrates only. Gluconeogenesis will be covered in the protein section, because amino acids are a common substrate used for synthesizing glucose.

Carbohydrate Pathways/Cycles/Processes/Reactions:

Glycogenesis: glycogen synthesis

Glycogenolysis: glycogen breakdown

Gluconeogenesis: synthesis of glucose from a non-carbohydrate source

Glycolysis: breakdown of glucose to pyruvate

Transition Reaction: conversion of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA

Citric Acid (Tricarboxylic acid (TCA), Kreb’s) Cycle: acetyl-CoA combines with oxaloacetate to form citrate; ATP, NADH, and FADH2 are produced in the cycle

Electron Transport Chain: oxidative phosphorylation, producing ATP from NADH and FADH2

Subsections:

6.21 Monosaccharide Metabolism

6.22 Glycogenesis & Glycogenolysis

6.23 Glycolysis

6.24 Transition Reaction

6.25 Citric Acid Cycle

6.26 Electron Transport Chain

6.27 Aerobic Glucose Metabolism Totals
6.28 Anaerobic Respiration